日期:2014-06-10  浏览次数:20705 次

本文体验在MVC中使用ASP.NET Identity 2.0,体验与用户身份安全有关的功能:

 

→install-package Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Samples -Version 2.0.0-beta2 -Pre

安装后,在App_Start,Controllers, Models, Views等处都添加了多个文件。在App_Start/IdentityConfig.cs中有6个类和一个枚举:

 

● ApplicationUserManager:继承于泛型基类UserManager<ApplicationUser>, ApplicationUser用来处理用户的身份。
● ApplicationRoleManager
● EmailService
● SmsService
● ApplicationDbInitializer
● SignInHelper
● SignInStatus 枚举


□ Two-Factor Authentication机制

在ASP.NET Identity 2.0中,使用了"Two-Factor Authentication机制"来保证用户密码的安全,当用户密码可能存在不安全隐患的时候,系统会以短信或邮件的方式向用户发送安全码。

 

在ApplicationUserManager中的Create方法包含了验证用户名和密码以及发送安全码的逻辑:

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2

 

PhoneNumberTokenProvider和EmailTokenProvider都继承于EmailTokenProvider,这个基类负责向用户发送短信或email。发送的前提是需要注册EmailService和SmsService,如下:

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□ Account Lockout锁住帐号

当用户输错密码超过规定的次数,帐号就会被锁住。

 

在ApplicationUserManager中的Create方法也包含了锁住帐号的逻辑:

3

 

→在EmailService中编写发送右键的逻辑:

public class EmailService : IIdentityMessageService
    {
        public Task SendAsync(IdentityMessage message)
        {
            // Plug in your email service here to send an email.
            //配置
            var mailMessage = new System.Net.Mail.MailMessage("qdjjx9441@sina.com",
                message.Destination,
                message.Subject,
                message.Body)
            
            //发送
            SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient();
            client.SendAsync(mailMessage, null);

            return Task.FromResult(0);
        }
    }

 

→在Web.config中的<configuration>节点下配置接收邮件的文件夹

  <system.net>
    <mailSettings>
      <smtp deliveryMethod="SpecifiedPickupDirectory">
        <specifiedPickupDirectory pickupDirectoryLocation="F:\mailDrop"/>
      </smtp>
    </mailSettings>
  </system.net>   

 

→在Web.config中的<connectionStrings>节点配置连接字符串,用来把用户信息保存到数据库

<add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString=".;Initial Catalog=MVC_Identity-1-14;user id=sa;password=woshiniba;Integrated Security=SSPI" 
providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

 

→AccontController中接收[HttpPost]的Register方法包含了用户注册后发送确认邮件的逻辑

[HttpPost]
        [AllowAnonymous]
        [ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
        public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model)
        {
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email };
                var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);
                if (result.Succeeded)
                {
                    var code = await UserManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user.Id);
                    var callbackUrl = Url.Action("ConfirmEmail", "Account", new { userId = user.Id, code = code }, protocol: Request.Url.Scheme);
                    await UserManager.SendEmailAsync(user.Id, "Confirm your account", "Please confirm your account by clicking this link: <a href=\"" + callbackUrl + "\">link</a>");
                    ViewBag.Link = callbackUrl;
                    return View("DisplayEmail");
                }
                AddErrors(result);
            }

            // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
            return View(model);
        }

 

→运行项目 测试注册、确认邮件、登录

点击右上方的Register链接:

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填写注册信息,点击注册:

6

 

注意:在Web.config中配置的mailDrop文件夹,需要创建,否则报错!

 

找到mailDrop文件夹,使用Foxmail打开后缀为eml的文件,看到:

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点击链接地址:

9

 

点击"Click here to Log in"并登录:

10

 

→运行项目 测试账户锁定

修改App_Start/IdentityConfig.cs中, ApplicationUserManager类的相关部分为:

            manager.UserLockoutEnabledByDefault = true;
            manager.DefaultAccountLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1);
            manager.MaxFailedAccessAttemptsBeforeLockout = 2;

 

在App_Start/IdentityConfig.cs中,SignInHelper类的PasswordSignIn修改如下:

public async Task<SignInStatus> PasswordSignIn(string userName, string password, bool isPersistent, bool shouldLockout)
        {
            var user = await UserManager.FindByNameAsync(userName);

            //为测试帐号锁住而添加
            await UserManager.IsLockedOutAsync(user.Id); //如果用户被锁住,这里返true
            await UserManager.AccessFailedAsync(user.Id);//记录登录失败的次数,如果登录失败次数大于或等于设定的次数,在设置锁住时间内,用户账户被锁住
            await UserManager.SetLockoutEnabledAsync(user.Id, true);//确认用户账户被锁住是否被启用

            if (user == null)
            {
                return SignInStatus.Failure;
            }
            if (await UserManager.IsLockedOutAsync(user.Id))
            {
                return SignInStatus.LockedOut;
            }
            if (await UserManager.CheckPasswordAsync(user, password))
            {
                return await SignInOrTwoFactor(user, isPersistent);
            }
            if (shouldLockout)
            {
                // If lockout is requested, increment access failed count which might lock out the user
                await UserManager.AccessFailedAsync(user.Id);
                if (await UserManager.IsLockedOutAsync(user.Id))
                {
                    return SignInStatus.LockedOut;
                }
            }
            return SignInStatus.Failure;
        }

 

再次登录,试着输入2次错误密码,出现提示帐号被锁住的界面:

11

当然还有一些其它功能,比如密码重置等。

 

参考资料:
Developing Secure ASP.NET MVC Applications using ASP.NET Identity 2.0

github项目地址