select name, 
sum(decode(subject,'语文', score,null)) "语文",
sum(decode(subject,'数学', score,null)) "数学",
sum(decode(subject,'英语', score,null)) "英语"
from testTable t
group by name;

------解决方案--------------------

相关子查询法
设你的表名是tablename

select name,
(select score from tablename where name = t.name and subject = '语文'),
(select score from tablename where name = t.name and subject = '数学'),
(select score from tablename where name = t.name and subject = '英语')
from tablename t
group by name;


你试试看，我没做测试。

------解决方案--------------------
select name,  
sum(decode(subject,'语文', score,0)) 语文,
sum(decode(subject,'数学', score,0)) 数学,
sum(decode(subject,'英语', score,0)) 英语
from userTable t
group by name;