private static void sort1(long x[], int off, int len) {
    // Insertion sort on smallest arrays
    if (len < 7) {
        for (int i=off; i<len+off; i++)
        for (int j=i; j>off && x[j-1]>x[j]; j--)
            swap(x, j, j-1);
        return;
    }

    // Choose a partition element, v
    int m = off + (len >> 1);       // Small arrays, middle element
    if (len > 7) {
        int l = off;
        int n = off + len - 1;
        if (len > 40) {        // Big arrays, pseudomedian of 9
        int s = len/8;
        l = med3(x, l,     l+s, l+2*s);
        m = med3(x, m-s,   m,   m+s);
        n = med3(x, n-2*s, n-s, n);
        }
        m = med3(x, l, m, n); // Mid-size, med of 3
    }
    long v = x[m];

    // Establish Invariant: v* (<v)* (>v)* v*
    int a = off, b = a, c = off + len - 1, d = c;
    while(true) {
        while (b <= c && x[b] <= v) {
        if (x[b] == v)
            swap(x, a++, b);
        b++;
        }
        while (c >= b && x[c] >= v) {
        if (x[c] == v)
            swap(x, c, d--);
        c--;
        }
        if (b > c)
        break;
        swap(x, b++, c--);
    }

    // Swap partition elements back to middle
    int s, n = off + len;
    s = Math.min(a-off, b-a  );  vecswap(x, off, b-s, s);
    s = Math.min(d-c,   n-d-1);  vecswap(x, b,   n-s, s);

    // Recursively sort non-partition-elements
    if ((s = b-a) > 1)
        sort1(x, off, s);
    if ((s = d-c) > 1)
        sort1(x, n-s, s);
    }