日期:2014-05-16 浏览次数:20668 次
本文链接:http://codingstandards.iteye.com/blog/793734 ?? (转载请注明出处)
Bash内置了对整数四则运算的支持,但是并不支持浮点运算,而bc命令可以很方便的进行浮点运算,当然整数运算也不再话下。手册页上说bc是An arbitrary precision calculator language,即一个任意精度的计算语言,注意是一种语言,它提供了一些语法结构,比如条件判断、循环等,可以说是很强大的,但是我在实际中还没有找到需要这个用途的场合 。另外一个用途就是用来进行进制转换。
一般情况下,我们使用不带任何参数的bc命令。
bc
如果需要bc不输出提示信息,可以加上-q参数:
bc -q
如果要使用强大的数学库,比如计算三角函数,需要加上-l参数:
bc -l
因为bc本身是一个命令解释器,要退出它只要直接输入quit回车或者按Ctrl+D终止。
[root@localhost centos39]# bc
bc 1.06
Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
For details type `warranty'.
3+4
7
3-4
-1
3*4
12
3/4
0
scale=2;3/4
????
# 保留小数点精度只对除法、取余、乘幂有效
.75
3/4
.75
3%4
0
scale=0
3%4
3
3^4
81
Ctrl+D
[root@localhost centos39]#
[root@localhost centos39]# echo 3 * 4 | bc
(standard_in) 1: parse error
[root@localhost centos39]# echo "3 * 4" | bc
12
[root@localhost centos39]# echo "scale=7; 355/113" | bc
3.1415929
[root@localhost centos39]#
[root@rhel55 ~]# echo "ibase=16; FFFF" | bc
65535
[root@rhel55 ~]# echo "obase=16; 1000" | bc
3E8
[root@rhel55 ~]#
[root@rhel55 ~]# cat test.bc
123*321
123/321
scale=4;123/321
[root@rhel55 ~]# bc test.bc
bc 1.06
Copyright 1991-1994, 1997, 1998, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.
For details type `warranty'.
39483
0
.3831
Ctrl+D
[root@rhel55 ~]#
[root@rhel55 ~]# cat test.bc | bc
39483
0
.3831
[root@rhel55 ~]#
先复习一下初中的知识:b表示三角形的底,h表示三角形的高,那么三角形的面积计算公式是b*h/2 。
文件 :area_of_triangle.sh
#!/bin/bash # Shell program/script to read the base and height of a traingle and find its area # ------------------------------------- # Copyright (c) 2005 nixCraft project <http://cyberciti.biz/fb/> # This script is licensed under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above # ------------------------------------- # This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC) # Visit http://bash.cyberciti.biz/ for more information. # ------------------------------------- # Formula info: http://www.mste.uiuc.edu/dildine/heron/triarea.html # Area=(1/2) x Base x Height echo -n "Enter base of a triangle : " read b echo -n "Enter height of a triangle : " read h # calculate it and display back area=$(echo "scale=2;(1/2) * $b * $h"|bc) echo "Area of a triangle is $area" ?
?
[root@smsgw academic]#