Linux中的PS命令
ps命令显示选定进程的当前信息。默认地,ps选取当前用户一致的有效用户ID的所有进程,并与当前的终端相关的。它显示进程ID、终端、CPU时间、可执行文件名。BSD-style选项会添加进程状态到默认显示中,同时还将与当前用户相关的其他终端进程显示出来。
三种类型的命令行选项:
1、UNIX选项,可以组合,必须以短横打头
2、BSD选项,可以组合,不能以短横打头
3、GUN长选项,以两个短横打头
不同风格的选项可以混用,但可能会有冲突。
简单进程选择:
-e 所有进程
通过列表选择进程:
-p pidlist 通过进程ID
输出格式控制:
-f 全格式输出
-o format 用户定义格式
输出修饰:
-H 进程树
f ASCII艺术的进程树
线程显示:
-m 在进程后显示线程
进程标识符(F栏,flags输出限定符):
1 forked but didn't exec
4 used super-user privileges
进程状态码:
D Uninterruptible sleep (usually IO)
R Running or runnable (on run queue)
S Interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete)
T Stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced.
W paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel)
X dead (should never be seen)
Z Defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent.
如果是BSD格式的话,还会显示
< high-priority (not nice to other users)
N low-priority (nice to other users)
L has pages locked into memory (for real-time and custom IO)
s is a session leader
l is multi-threaded (using CLONE_THREAD, like NPTL pthreads do)
+ is in the foreground process group
标准输入限定符:
CODE HEADER DESCRIPTION
%cpu %CPU cpu使用率
%mem %MEM resident set size与物理内存的比率
args COMMAND 命令以及它的参数
comm COMMAND 仅命令行
euid EUID effective user ID. (alias uid).
ni NI nice value. This ranges from 19 (nicest) to -20 (not nice to others)
ppid PPID parent process ID.
rss RSS resident set size, the non-swapped physical memory has used (in KB)
rtprio RTPRIO realtime priority.
time TIME cumulative CPU time, "[dd-]hh:mm:ss" format. (alias cputime).
vsize VSZ virtual memory usage of process. vm_lib + vm_exe + vm_data + vm_stack
后记:
以上是man ps的阅读笔记,发现一个ps命令也非常复杂,平时只是学到了几种选项的写法,但是PS的所有选项是如何组织的?都可以用来查看哪些信息呢?