declare @str varchar(2000)
set @str=''
select @str=@str+',sum('+name+') as '+name
from syscolumns where id=object_id('JXhuizong')
and name not in('id','JXtime','姓名') 
declare @col varchar(2000)
set @col=''
select @col=@col+'+sum('+name+')'
from syscolumns where id=object_id('JXhuizong')
and name not in('id','JXtime','姓名') 
print @col
set @str='select row_number()over(order by getdate()) as id,姓名'
+@str+',(select '+RIGHT(@col,LEN(@col)-1)+' from JXhuizong b where a.姓名=b.姓名 and JXtime='''+@JXtime+''')as 加减总分 
from JXhuizong a where JXtime='''+@JXtime+''' group by 姓名 '
exec( @str)

case sum(col)=0 then '' else ltrim(sum(col))

------解决方案--------------------

SQL code

IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM SYSOBJECTS WHERE name = 'tba')
BEGIN
    DROP TABLE tba
END
GO
CREATE TABLE tba
(
    Id INT,
    Name VARCHAR(100),
    col1 INT,
    col2 INT,
    col3 INT
)
GO
INSERT INTO tba
SELECT 1,'张三',100,0,48 UNION
SELECT 2,'李四',89,0,48 UNION
SELECT 3,'王五',87,0,43 UNION
SELECT 4,'张三',79,0,47 UNION
SELECT 5,'李四',58,0,46 UNION
SELECT 6,'王五',89,0,55 
GO

DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(1000) = ''
DECLARE @Total VARCHAR(1000) = ''
DECLARE @ColumnNames TABLE (ID INT IDENTITY(1,1),ColumnName VARCHAR(100))
declare @num int, @sqls nvarchar(4000) 
DECLARE @Line INT = 1
DECLARE @TotalNum INT
DECLARE @ColumnName VARCHAR(100)

INSERT INTO @ColumnNames
SELECT name 
FROM Sys.columns
WHERE object_name(object_id) = 'tba' and name NOT IN ('ID','Name') 

SELECT @TotalNum = MAX(ID) FROM @ColumnNames

WHILE @Line <= @TotalNum
BEGIN

    SELECT @ColumnName = ColumnName
    FROM @ColumnNames
    WHERE ID = @Line

    set @sqls='select @a=SUM(' + @ColumnName + ') from tba ' 
    exec sp_executesql @sqls,N'@a int output',@num output 
    
    IF @num = 0
    BEGIN
        DELETE FROM @ColumnNames WHERE ID = @Line
    END
 
    SET @Line = @Line + 1

 END
SET @sql = 'SELECT Name'

SELECT @sql = @sql + ',' + 'SUM(' + ColumnName + ') AS ' + ColumnName,@Total = @Total + '+' + 'SUM(' + ColumnName + ')'
FROM @ColumnNames

SET @sql = @sql + ',' + RIGHT(@Total,LEN(@Total) - 1) + ' AS Total' + ' FROM tba GROUP BY Name'

EXEC (@Sql)

Name    col1    col3    Total
李四    147    94    241
王五    176    98    274
张三    179    95    274