日期:2014-05-18  浏览次数:20422 次

SQL行如何转换成列?
SQL code

CREATE TABLE TABLE1
(
 ID INT ,
 NAME VARCHAR(50)
)
CREATE TABLE TABLE2
(
 ID INT ,
 USERNAME VARCHAR(50)
)


INSERT table1

SELECT 1 ,'kk' UNION
SELECT 2 ,'ll' UNION
SELECT 3 ,'ll'

INSERT table2
SELECT 1 ,'lk' UNION
SELECT 3, 'io' UNION
SELECT 4 ,'df'
比如我用left join 得到如下结果
/*
t1id        NAME                                               t2id        USERNAME
----------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------- --------------------------------------------------
1           kk                                                 1           lk
2           ll                                                 NULL        NULL
3           ll                                                 3           io
*/
但是我想把结果换成这样
id name 
1  kk
2  ll
3  ll
1  lk
3  io

如何实现啊,求解




------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

--行列互转
--1、行换列
if object_id('Class') is not  null
    drop table Class
Go
Create table Class(
[Student] nvarchar(2),
[Course] nvarchar(2),
[Score] int)
Insert Class
select N'张三',N'语文',78 union all
select N'张三',N'数学',87 union all
select N'张三',N'英语',82 union all
select N'张三',N'物理',90 union all
select N'李四',N'语文',65 union all
select N'李四',N'数学',77 union all
select N'李四',N'英语',65 union all
select N'李四',N'物理',85 
Go

--2000方法:
--动态:
declare @s nvarchar(4000)
set @s=''
Select @s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='    
   
    +quotename([Course],'''')+' then [Score] else 0 end)'
from 
    Class group by[Course]
--select @s
exec('select [Student]'+@s+' from Class group by [Student]')
--生成静态:
select 
    [Student],
    [数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end) 
from 
    Class 
group by [Student]
GO
--动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
Select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course]
select @s
exec('select * from Class pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b')

--生成静态:
select * 
from 
    Class 
pivot 
    (max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b

--生成格式:
/*
Student 数学         物理         英语         语文
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
李四     77          85          65          65
张三     87          90          82          78

(2 行受影响)
*/

go
--加上总成绩(学科平均分)

--2000方法:
--动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
set @s=''
Select @s=@s+','+quotename([Course])+'=max(case when [Course]='+quotename([Course],'''')+'then [Score] else 0 end)'
from Class group by[Course]
exec('select [Student]'+@s+',[总成绩]=sum([Score])  from Class group by [Student]')--加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))

生成动态:

select 
    [Student],
    [数学]=max(case when [Course]='数学' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [物理]=max(case when [Course]='物理' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [英语]=max(case when [Course]='英语' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [语文]=max(case when [Course]='语文' then [Score] else 0 end),
    [总成绩]=([Score]) --加多一列(学科平均分用avg([Score]))
from 
    Class 
group by [Student]

go

--2005方法:

动态:

declare @s nvarchar(4000)
Select  @s=isnull(@s+',','')+quotename([Course]) from Class group by[Course] 
--isnull(@s+',','') 去掉字符串@s中第一个逗号

exec('select [Student],'+@s+',[总成绩] from (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a 
pivot (max([Score]) for [Course] in('+@s+'))b ')

--生成静态:

select 
    [Student],[数学],[物理],[英语],[语文],[总成绩] 
from 
    (select *,[总成绩]=sum([Score])over(partition by [Student]) from Class) a --平均分时用avg([Score])
pivot 
    (max([Score]) for [Course] in([数学],[物理],[英语],[语文]))b 

生成格式:

/*
Student 数学         物理         英语         语文         总成绩
------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
李四     77          85          65