delete from #tb where exists(select 1 from #tb B where str_0 = b.str_0 and type='equal') and TYPE='fuzzy'

/*
8    c    c    equal
19    a    aa    equal
34    b    bb    equal*/

------解决方案--------------------
上面错了：
SQL code

create table #tb(num int, str_0 varchar(10),str_1 varchar(10),[Type] varchar(10))
insert into #tb values(1,'a','aa','fuzzy')
insert into #tb values(3,'b','bb','fuzzy')
insert into #tb values(8,'c','c','equal')
insert into #tb values(19,'a','a','equal')
insert into #tb values(78,'d','dd','fuzzy')
insert into #tb values(34,'b','b','equal')

select * 
into #a
from #tb a 
where 
    a.Type='fuzzy' 
and exists(select 1 from #tb b where a.str_0 =b.str_0 and type='equal' )

delete from #tb where num in (select num from #a)

--执行结果
(2 行受影响)
select * from #tb
--查询结果：
num         str_0      str_1      Type
----------- ---------- ---------- ----------
8           c          c          equal
19          a          a          equal
78          d          dd         fuzzy
34          b          b          equal

(4 行受影响)