CREATE TABLE #(Qty INT,Employee NVARCHAR(200))
INSERT # SELECT 30, N'小王、小李、小张'
INSERT # SELECT 20, N'小王、小李'
INSERT # SELECT 40, N'小张'
GO
SELECT Employee,
    Qty=SUM(Qty)
FROM 
(
SELECT 
substring(a.Employee,b.number,charindex(N'、',a.Employee+N'、',b.number)-b.number) AS Employee,Qty
FROM (SELECT Employee,Qty=Qty/(LEN(Employee)-len(REPLACE(Employee,N'、',''))+1) FROM #) AS a,master.dbo.spt_values AS b 
WHERE b.type='P' AND charindex(N'、',N'、'+a.Employee,b.number)=b.number
)T
GROUP BY Employee
/*
Employee    Qty
小李    20
小王    20
小张    50
*/

------解决方案--------------------

--弄错了，我以为求和呢
SQL code

select 人员,sum(数量) as 数量 from 
( 
    select substring(a.人员, b.number, charindex(',', a.人员 + ',', b.number) - b.number) as 人员 ,
    数量/(len(a.人员) - len(replace(a.人员, ',', '')) + 1) as 数量
    from T a join master.dbo.spt_values b 
    on b.type = 'p' and substring(','+ a.人员, b.number,1) = ','
    and b.number between 1 and len(a.人员) 
) x 
group by 人员

/*
人员                 数量
------------------ -----------
小李                 20
小王                 20
小张                 50
*/