create table t1
(
    id int
)
insert into t1 (id) values (2),(3),(4)
select * from t1

create table #t
(
    id int
)

declare @str varchar(4000)='1,2,3,4'
set @str=REPLACE(@str,',',' union all select ')
set @str='insert into #t select '+@str
exec (@str)
select * from #t where id not in (select id from t1)
drop table #t

---------------
id
1

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code
--参考
拆分表:

--> --> (Roy)生成測試數據
 
if not object_id('Tab') is null
    drop table Tab
Go
Create table Tab([Col1] int,[COl2] nvarchar(5))
Insert Tab
select 1,N'a,b,c' union all
select 2,N'd,e' union all
select 3,N'f'
Go

--SQL2000用辅助表:
if object_id('Tempdb..#Num') is not null
    drop table #Num
go
select top 100 ID=Identity(int,1,1) into #Num from syscolumns a,syscolumns b
Select 
    a.Col1,COl2=substring(a.Col2,b.ID,charindex(',',a.Col2+',',b.ID)-b.ID) 
from 
    Tab a,#Num b
where
    charindex(',',','+a.Col2,b.ID)=b.ID --也可用 substring(','+a.COl2,b.ID,1)=','
--2000不使用辅助表
Select
    a.Col1,COl2=substring(a.Col2,b.number,charindex(',',a.Col2+',',b.number)-b.number) 
from 
    Tab a join master..spt_values  b 
    ON B.type='p' AND B.number BETWEEN 1 AND LEN(A.col2)
where
     substring(','+a.COl2,b.number,1)=','


SQL2005用Xml:

select 
    a.COl1,b.Col2
from 
    (select Col1,COl2=convert(xml,'<root><v>'+replace(COl2,',','</v><v>')+'</v></root>') from Tab)a
outer apply
    (select Col2=C.v.value('.','nvarchar(100)') from a.COl2.nodes('/root/v')C(v))b




SQL05用CTE:

;with roy as 
(select Col1,COl2=cast(left(Col2,charindex(',',Col2+',')-1) as nvarchar(100)),Split=cast(stuff(COl2+',',1,charindex(',',Col2+','),'') as nvarchar(100)) from Tab
union all
select Col1,COl2=cast(left(Split,charindex(',',Split)-1) as nvarchar(100)),Split= cast(stuff(Split,1,charindex(',',Split),'') as nvarchar(100)) from Roy where split>''
)
select COl1,COl2 from roy order by COl1 option (MAXRECURSION 0)

生成结果:
/*
Col1        COl2
----------- -----
1           a
1           b
1           c
2           d
2           e
3           f
*/

------解决方案--------------------

参考这个:
SQL code

/*
标题：分解字符串并查询相关数据
作者：爱新觉罗·毓华(十八年风雨,守得冰山雪莲花开) 
时间：2008-03-18
地点：广东深圳
说明：通过使用函数等方法分解字符串查询相关数据。

问题：通过分解一个带某种符号分隔的字符串在数据库中查找相关数据。
例如 @str = '1,2,3',查询下表得到记录1,4,5,6
ID TypeID
1  1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
2  2,3 
3  3,7,8,9 
4  2,6 
5  4,5
6  6,7 
*/
-----------------------------
create table tb (ID int , TypeID varchar(30)) 
insert into tb values(1 , '1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12') 
insert into tb values(2 , '2,3') 
insert into tb values(3 , '3,7,8,9') 
insert into tb values(4 , '2,6') 
insert into tb values(5 , '4,5')
insert into tb values(6 , '6,7')
go
-----------------------------
--如果仅仅是一个,如@str = '1'.
declare @str as varchar(30)
set @str = '1'
select * from tb where charindex(',' + @str + ',' , ',' + TypeID + ',') > 0
select * from tb where ',' + TypeID + ',' like '%,' + @str + ',%'
/*
ID          TypeID                         
----------- ------------------------------ 
1           1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
（所影响的行数为 1 行）
*/

-----------------------------
--如果包含两个,如@str = '1,2'.
declare @str as varchar(30)
set @str = '1,2'
select * from tb where charindex(',' + left(@str , charindex(',' , @str) - 1) + ',' , ',' + typeid + ',') > 0 or 
  charindex(',' + substring(@str , charindex(',' , @str) + 1 , len(@str)) + ',' , ',' + typeid + ',') > 0
select * from tb where ',' + typeid + ',' like '%,' + left(@str , charindex(',' , @str) - 1) + ',%' or 
  ',' + typeid +