use test

go
declare @t table (auno int,  type  int,    stat nvarchar(50))
insert @t select 2659, 807, 'TYPE' 
insert @t select 2658, 805, 'CHIPSET' 
insert @t select 2655, 806, 'TYPE' 
insert @t select 2661, 808, 'CHIPSET' 
insert @t select 2654, 802, 'WxHxD(mm)' 
insert @t select 2741, 804, 'Weight(Kg/Pound)' 

select auno,type,
[stat]=stat+
case when (select count(1) from @t where stat=t.stat and auno>t.auno)=0 then '' else 
    rtrim((select count(1) from @t where stat=t.stat and auno>t.auno)) end
from @t t

auno        type        stat                                                           
----------- ----------- -------------------------- 
2659        807         TYPE
2658        805         CHIPSET1
2655        806         TYPE1
2661        808         CHIPSET
2654        802         WxHxD(mm)
2741        804         Weight(Kg/Pound)

（所影响的行数为 6 行）

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code
create table tb(auno  int ,type int ,stat  varchar(20) )
insert into tb values(2659, 807, 'TYPE') 
insert into tb values(2658, 805, 'CHIPSET') 
insert into tb values(2655, 806, 'TYPE') 
insert into tb values(2661, 808, 'CHIPSET') 
insert into tb values(2654, 802, 'WxHxD(mm)') 
insert into tb values(2741, 804, 'Weight(Kg/Pound)') 
go

select auno,type,stat = case when px > 1 then stat+'1' else stat end from
(
  select px=(select count(1) from tb where stat=a.stat and auno<a.auno)+1 , * from tb a
) t
order by auno

drop table tb

/*
auno        type        stat                  
----------- ----------- --------------------- 
2654        802         WxHxD(mm)
2655        806         TYPE
2658        805         CHIPSET
2659        807         TYPE1
2661        808         CHIPSET1
2741        804         Weight(Kg/Pound)

（所影响的行数为 6 行）
*/

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

create table t3(auno int,type int,stat varchar(50))
insert into t3 select 2659, 807, 'TYPE' 
insert into t3 select 2658, 805 ,'CHIPSET' 
insert into t3 select 2655, 806, 'TYPE' 
insert into t3 select 2661, 808, 'CHIPSET' 
insert into t3 select 2654 ,802, 'WxHxD(mm)' 
insert into t3 select 2741, 804, 'Weight(Kg/Pound)' 

select auno,type,stat + replace(right(cast((select count(1) from t3 where auno<a.auno and a.stat=t3.stat) as varchar),1),'0','') stat 
from t3 a

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code
use test

go
declare @t table (auno int,  type  int,    stat nvarchar(50))
insert @t select 2659, 807, 'TYPE' 
insert @t select 2658, 805, 'CHIPSET' 
insert @t select 2655, 806, 'TYPE' 
insert @t select 2661, 808, 'CHIPSET' 
insert @t select 2654, 802, 'WxHxD(mm)' 
insert @t select 2741, 804, 'Weight(Kg/Pound)' 

select 
    t1.auno,
    t1.type,
    [stat]=t1.stat+case when t2.con=0 then '' else rtrim(t2.con) end
from 
    @t t1
left join
    (select auno,con=(select count(1) from @t where stat=t.stat and auno>t.auno) from @t t)t2
on t1.auno=t2.auno


auno        type        stat                                                           
----------- ----------- -------------------------- 
2659        807         TYPE
2658        805         CHIPSET1
2655        806         TYPE1
2661        808         CHIPSET
2654        802