--> 测试数据: #T 
 if object_id('tempdb.dbo.#T') is not null drop table #T 
 create table #T (finSelfCode varchar(10),tFeeSum int,corpName varchar(2)) 
 insert into #T 
 select '00001',200,'aa' union all 
 select '00002',2000,'bb' union all 
 select '0000100001',50,'cc' union all 
 select '0000100002',150,'dd' union all 
 select '0000200001',500,'ee' union all 
 select '0000200002',500,'ff' union all 
 select '0000200003',1000,'gg' 
 ; 
 -->2005 
 with 
 T1 as 
 ( 
 	select *, max(tFeeSum)over(partition by left(finSelfCode,5)) as order_no from #T 
 ), 
 T2 as 
 ( 
 	select *, strNo=case when len(finSelfCode)=5 then (select ltrim(count(distinct order_no)) from T1 where order_no>=t.order_no) else '' end from T1 t 
 ) 
 select strNo, finSelfCode, tFeeSum, corpName from T2 order by order_no desc, tFeeSum desc 
 /* 
 strNo    finSelfCode tFeeSum   corpName 
 ------------ ----------- ----------- -------- 
 1      00002     2000    bb 
        0000200003  1000    gg 
        0000200001  500     ee 
        0000200002  500     ff 
 2      00001     200     aa 
        0000100002  150     dd 
        0000100001  50      cc 
 */ 
  
 -->2000 
 if object_id('tempdb.dbo.#') is not null drop table # 
 select *, (select max(tFeeSum) from #T where left(finSelfCode,5)=left(t.finSelfCode,5)) as order_no into # from #T as t 
  
 select 
 	strNo=case when len(finSelfCode)=5 then (select ltrim(count(distinct order_no)) from # where order_no>=t.order_no) else '' end, 
 	finSelfCode, 
 	tFeeSum, 
 	corpName 
 from 
 	# as t 
 order by 
 	order_no desc, tFeeSum desc 
 /* 
 strNo    finSelfCode tFeeSum   corpName 
 ------------ ----------- ----------- -------- 
 1      00002     2000    bb 
        0000200003  1000    gg 
        0000200001  500     ee 
        0000200002  500     ff 
 2      00001     200     aa 
        0000100002  150     dd