-- 创建 "SDD"."DEPT" 表
CREATE TABLE "SDD"."DEPT"
(
  "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0),
  "DNAME" VARCHAR2(14),  
  "LOC" VARCHAR2(13)
)TABLESPACE "SDD";

-- 创建 "SDD"."EMP" 表
CREATE TABLE "SDD"."EMP"
(
  "EMPNO" NUMBER(4,0),
  "ENAME" VARCHAR2(10),
  "JOB" VARCHAR2(9),
  "MGR" NUMBER(4,0),
  "HIREDATE" DATE,
  "SAL" NUMBER(7,2),
  "COMM" NUMBER(7,2),
  "DEPTNO" NUMBER(2,0),
  CONSTRAINT "PK_EMP" PRIMARY KEY ("EMPNO")
)TABLESPACE "SDD";

如果这样创建就会出问题
create or replace procedure pro_insert_tab_emp(empno number, ename varchar2,job varchar2, mgr number,
 sal number, comm number, p_deptno number)
as
  myexception  exception;       --定义异常类型变量 
begin
  if (p_deptno not in (select deptno from dept)) then --这边select 怎么报错。。
    raise myexception;
  end if;
    insert into emp(empno, ename, job, mgr,hiredate, sal, comm, deptno) values(empno, ename, job, 
mgr, sysdate(), sal, comm, p_deptno);
  commit;
  dbms_output.put_line('insert a record');
exception                      
    when myexception then                     --定义异常时处理的语句 
      dbms_output.put_line('deptno取值错误'); 
end;
------------
查看 user_objects表，status为invalid

------
如果这么创建就没问题。。难道存储过程里面不能查询其他的表？
create or replace procedure pro_insert_tab_emp(empno number, ename varchar2,job varchar2, mgr number,
 sal number, comm number, p_deptno number)
as
  myexception  exception;       --定义异常类型变量 
begin
  if (p_deptno not in (10, 20, 30)) then --这边select 怎么报错。。
    raise myexception;
  end if;
    insert into emp(empno, ename, job, mgr,hiredate, sal, comm, deptno) values(empno, ename, job, 
mgr, sysdate(), sal, comm, p_deptno);
  commit;
  dbms_output.put_line('insert a record');
exception                      
    when myexception then                     --定义异常时处理的语句 
      dbms_output.put_line('deptno取值错误'); 
end;
没分了。。。

create or replace procedure pro_insert_tab_emp(empno number, ename varchar2,job varchar2, mgr number,
 sal number, comm number, p_deptno number)
as
  iCount number;
  myexception  exception;       --定义异常类型变量 
begin
 --简单点可以采用这样折中的方法嘛
 select nvl(count(1),0) into iCount from dept where deptno = p_deptno;
--  if (p_deptno not in (select deptno from dept)) then --这边select 怎么报错。。
--    raise myexception;
--  end if;
  if(iCount = 0) then
    raise myexception;
  end if;
    insert into emp(empno, ename, job, mgr,hiredate, sal, comm, deptno) values(empno, ename, job, 
mgr, sysdate(), sal, comm, p_deptno);
  commit;
  dbms_output.put_line('insert a record');
exception                      
    when myexception then                     --定义异常时处理的语句 
      dbms_output.put_line('deptno取值错误'); 
end;

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

create or replace procedure pro_insert_tab_emp(empno number, ename varchar2,job varchar2, mgr number,
 sal number, comm number, p_deptno number)
as
  iCount number; 
begin
 --简单点可以采用这样折中的方法嘛
begin
 select count(1) into iCount from dept where deptno = p_deptno;
 insert into emp(empno, ename, job, mgr,hiredate, sal, comm, deptno) values(empno, ename, job, 
mgr, sysdate(), sal, comm, p_deptno);
  commit;
  dbms_output.put_line('insert a record');

 when NO_DATA_FOUND then
                    --定义异常时处理的语句 
      dbms_output.put_line('deptno取值错误'); 
end;