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- Oracle merge into 下令
日期:2014-05-16 浏览次数:20428 次
Oracle merge into 命令
原文:http://jayklin.iteye.com/blog/1669114
作用:merge into 解决用B表跟新A表数据,如果A表中没有,则把B表的数据插入A表;当处理大数据量是,该方法的效率很高。
语法:
MERGE INTO [your table-name] [rename your table here]
USING ( [write your query here] )[rename your query-sql and using just like a table]
ON ([conditional expression here] AND [...]...)
WHEN MATHED THEN [here you can execute some update sql or something else ]
WHEN NOT MATHED THEN [execute something else here ! ]
copy:http://blog.csdn.net/nsj820/article/details/5755685
Oracle9i引入了MERGE命令,你能够在一个SQL语句中对一个表同时执行inserts和updates操作. MERGE命令从一个或多个数据源中选择行来updating或inserting到一个或多个表.在Oracle10g中MERGE有如下一些改进:
1、UPDATE或INSERT子句是可选的
2、UPDATE和INSERT子句可以加WHERE子句
3、在ON条件中使用常量过滤谓词来insert所有的行到目标表中,不需要连接源表和目标表
4、UPDATE子句后面可以跟DELETE子句来去除一些不需要的行
语法:
MERGEHINTINTO SCHEMA .TABLE T_ALIAS
USINGSCHEMA . {TABLE | VIEW |SUBQUERY } T_ALIAS
ON (CONDITION)
WHENMATCHEDTHEN MERGE_UPDATE_CLAUSE
WHENNOTMATCHED THEN MERGE_INSERT_CLAUSE / MERGE_DELETE_CLAUSE;
联想:
merge into是特有的功能,相当于在 MSSQL中的
ifexists(...)
updatetable
else
Insertinto table.
mergeinto语法不仅没有if exists语法啰嗦,而且比if exists还要高效很多,常用来在oracle之间同步数据库表。
例子:
1、创建测试表及数据
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?
01.DROP TABLE PRODUCTS;
02.DROP TABLE NEWPRODUCTS;
03.create table PRODUCTS
04.(
05.PRODUCT_ID INTEGER,
06.PRODUCT_NAME VARCHAR2(60),
07.CATEGORY VARCHAR2(60)
08.);
09.insert into PRODUCTS values (1501, 'VIVITAR 35MM', 'ELECTRNCS');
10.insert into PRODUCTS values (1502, 'OLYMPUS IS50', 'ELECTRNCS');
11.insert into PRODUCTS values (1600, 'PLAY GYM', 'TOYS');
12.insert into PRODUCTS values (1601, 'LAMAZE', 'TOYS');
13.insert into PRODUCTS values (1666, 'HARRY POTTER', 'DVD');
14.commit;
15.create table NEWPRODUCTS
16.(
17.PRODUCT_ID INTEGER,
18.PRODUCT_NAME VARCHAR2(60),
19.CATEGORY VARCHAR2(60)
20.);
21.insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1502, 'OLYMPUS CAMERA', 'ELECTRNCS');
22.insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1601, 'LAMAZE', 'TOYS');
23.insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1666, 'HARRY POTTER', 'TOYS');
24.insert into NEWPRODUCTS values (1700, 'WAIT INTERFACE', 'BOOKS');
25.commit;
2、匹配更新
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?
01.MERGE INTO PRODUCTS P
02.USING NEWPRODUCTS NP
03.ON (P.PRODUCT_ID = NP.PRODUCT_ID)
04.WHEN MATCHED THEN
05. UPDATE
06. SET P.PRODUCT_NAME = NP.PRODUCT_NAME,
07. P.CATEGORY = NP.CATEGORY;
08.
09.SELECT * FROM PRODUCTS;
10.SELECT * FROM NEWPRODUCTS;
3、不匹配插入
[c-sharp] view plaincopyprint?
01.MERGE INTO PRODUCTS P
02.USING NEWPRODUCTS NP
03.ON (P.PRODUCT_ID = NP.PRODUCT_ID)
04.WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
05. INSERT
06. (PRODUCT_ID
07. ,PRODUCT_NAME
08. ,CATEGORY)
09. VALUES
10. (NP.PRODUCT_ID
11. ,NP.PRODUCT_NAME
12. ,NP.CATEGORY);
13.
14.SELECT * FROM PRODUCTS;
15.SELECT * FROM NEWPRODUCTS;
4、匹配带where/on更新