1.内存减小导致Oracle启动不了
 
Last login: Sun Nov  4 15:09:06 2012 from 192.168.5.222 
[oracle@h1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as SYSDBA"
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Nov 4 15:26:59 2012
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup pfile=/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.103201271612 
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system 
SQL> shutdown abort      
ORACLE instance shut down. 
SQL> startup pfile=/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.103201271612 force 
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system 
SQL> exit 
Disconnected
 
#---------解决：扩展内存
 
#--------pfile位置：$ORACLE_BASE/admin/[$ORACLE_SID]/pfile/init.ora.*
 

2.扩展内存后，按pfile启动，但sfile修改不了
 
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Nov 4 16:00:25 2012
 
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
 
Connected to an idle instance.
 
SQL> startup pfile=/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/init.ora.103201271612 force 
ORACLE instance started.
 
#----------按ORACLE PFILE 启动
 
Total System Global Area 1219260416 bytes 
Fixed Size                  2212856 bytes 
Variable Size            738200584 bytes 
Database Buffers          469762048 bytes 
Redo Buffers                9084928 bytes 
Database mounted. 
Database opened. 
SQL> alter system set memory_max_target=1258200M scope=both; 
alter system set memory_max_target=1258200M scope=both 
                * 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-02095: specified initialization parameter cannot be modified
 

SQL> alter system set memory_max_target=1258200M scope=spfile; 
alter system set memory_max_target=1258200M scope=spfile 
* 
ERROR at line 1: 
ORA-32001: write to SPFILE requested but no SPFILE is in use//spfile文件可能不存在
 
#-------------/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_2/dbs/----------------存放spfile

3.临时建立SPFILE
 
[Oracle@h1 dbs]$ ls 
hc_orcl.dat  init.ora  lkORCL  orapworcl
 
 
 
SQL> shutdown immediate; 
Database closed. 
Database dismounted. 
ORACLE instance shut down
 
SQL> startup nomount 
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters 
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_2/dbs/initorcl.ora'
 
#------------------------------spfile不存在
 
#-----------------------------spfile位置：$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init[ORACLE_SID].ora
 
#-----------------------------名字格式为:initORACLE_SID.ora
 
[oracle@h1 dbhome_2]$ cd /app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/ 
[oracle@h1 pfile]$ ls 
init.ora.103201271612