日期:2014-05-16  浏览次数:20502 次

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH客户端连接参数

今天在做oracle10gR2新特性透明加密(TDE)的时候,建立wallet默认路径和修改sqlnet.ora文件都 报ORA-28368和ORA-28353错误,而且修改sqlnet.ora文件后,监听程序起不来,后来在sqlnet.ora文件里加入NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)问题解决。
??? 下面简单介绍下我对NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH连接参数的了解:
NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH常用的值有tnsnames,hostname,onames和ezconnect和ldap,cds,nis不常用的值,默认值是(tnsnames,onames,hostname)。
??? 如果设置NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH=(tnsnames),那么客户端就只会从tnsnames.ora查找你要连接的字符串(如orcl)记录,如果tnsname.ora文件中没有此记录,则连接不上数据库。
如果设置NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH=(tnsnames,hostname),那么客户端首先会从tnsnames.ora查找你要连接的字符串(如orcl)记录,如果tnsname.ora文件中没有此记录,则尝试把你要连接的字符串(如orcl)当作一个主机名,通过网络的途径去解析它的ip地址然后去连接这个ip上GLOBAL_DBNAME=连接字符串(如orcl)这个实例,当然这里连接字符串(如orcl)并不是一个主机名,最后会尝试以ezconnect的方式连接数据库。
下面是oracle官方文档对这些值的介绍:
tnsnames:local naming naming method
Set to resolve a net service name through the tnsnames.ora file on the client.

hostname:host naming method
Set to resolve a host name alias through an existing names resolution service or a centrally-maintained set of /etc/hosts files.

onames:Oracle Names method
Set to resolve database objects through a Oracle Names server.

ldap:directory naming naming method
Set to resolve a database service name, net service name, or net service alias through a directory server.

cds:Cell Directory Services (CDS) external naming method
Set to resolve an Oracle database name in a Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) environment.

nis:Network Information Service (NIS) external naming method
Set to resolve service information through an existing NIS.

Ezconnect:The easy connect naming method eliminates the need for service name lookup in the tnsnames.ora files for TCP/IP environments; in fact, no naming or directory system is required if you use this method.

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