首先找到listener.ora,我的目录是:
D:\Program_Files\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\network\admin\listener.ora
然后增加我下面标红的信息,注意ORACLE_HOME路径别写错了.然后重启服务即可

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: D:\Program_Files\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\Program_Files\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
   (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCL)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\Program_Files\oracle)
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

方法一不行的话可以试试下面的命令.

set oracle_sid=<sid_name> 
sqlplus /nolog 
connect sys/pwd as sysdba 
startup