日期:2014-05-16  浏览次数:20678 次

数据库存储过程,包,函数语法

drop table student;
create table student
(
stuNo int primary key,
Name varchar2(10),
address varchar2(30),
birthday date
);

insert into student values(1,'梅超风','山东',to_date('1860-02-12 12:12:23','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'));
insert into student values(2,'陆成风','山西',to_date('1860-2-12','YYYY-MM-DD'));
insert into student values(3,'冯默风','安徽','10-2月-1886');
insert into student values(4,'曲灵风','湖南常德',to_date('1870-02-12 12:12:23','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'));


set serveroutput on
Rem ===================================================================
Rem 1、 创建简单的存储过程,如何执行存储过程
Rem ===================================================================

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc6
AS
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('这是一个简单的存储过程的例子!');
end my_proc6;
/

--下面是在PL/SQL中执行存储过程
begin
my_proc;
end;
/

--下面是在SQLPLUS中执行存储过程
execute my_proc;

Rem ===================================================================
Rem 2、 创建带参数的存储过程
Rem ===================================================================

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sel_StuNameByNO_proc
(p_sNo student.stuNo%TYPE := 1)
AS
sName student.name%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT name into sName FROM student WHERE stuNo = p_sNo;

DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('学号为:'||p_sNo||' 的姓名为:'||sName);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('学号为:'||p_sNo||' 的学员不存在');
END sel_StuNameByNO_proc;
/

--下面是在SQLPLUS中执行存储过程
execute sel_StuNameByNO_proc(p_sNo => 3); -- “=>”为指定参数赋值

execute sel_StuNameByNO_proc(2);


-- 带输出参数的存储过程
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sel_StuName_proc
(p_sNo IN NUMBER,p_sname OUT VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT name into p_sname FROM student WHERE stuNo = p_sNo;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
p_sname := NULL;
END sel_StuName_proc;
/

--下面是在SQLPLUS中执行存储过程

DECLARE
sName VARCHAR2(10);
sNo PLS_INTEGER;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('请输入学号');
sNo := &sNo;
sel_StuName_proc(sNo,sName);

IF sName IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('学号为:'||sNo||' 的学员不存在');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('学号为:'||sNo||' 的姓名为:'||sName);
END IF;
END;

-- IN OUT 参数的过程

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE
  swap(p1 IN OUT NUMBER, p2 IN OUT NUMBER)
IS
  v_temp NUMBER;
BEGIN
  v_temp := p1;
  p1 := p2;
  p2 := v_temp;
END;
/

DECLARE
   num1 NUMBER := 100;
   num2 NUMBER := 200;
BEGIN
   swap(num1, num2);
   DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('num1 = ' || num1);
   DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('num2 = ' || num2);
END;

Rem ===================================================================
Rem 3、对存储过程授权
Rem ===================================================================

GRANT EXECUTE ON sel_StuNameByNO_proc  TO SCOTT;
GRANT EXECUTE ON my_proc  TO PUBLIC;

--在SCOTT模式下调用过程
EXECUTE ACCP.my_proc;

DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;

Rem ===================================================================
Rem 4、函数
Rem ===================================================================
REM 函数只能带有IN参数,不能带有IN OUT 或 OUT参数
REM 形式参数必须只使用数据库类型,不得使用PL、SQL类型
REM 函数的返回类型也必须是数据库类型

-- 一个简单的函数

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fun_hello
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
BEGIN
RETURN '看,函数就这么简单吧.......';
END;
/

-- 执行函数
SELECT fun_hello FROM DUAL;


CREATE