oracle修改服务器端字符集：
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; 　　

SQL>STARTUP MOUNT; 　　

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION; 　　

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0; 　　

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0; 　　

SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN; 　　

SQL>ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;

如果出现了 ERROR at line 1: ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set 　　　　

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk; # 使用INTERNAL_USE可以跳过超集的检查,

ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE 　　

SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; 　　

SQL>STARTUP 再检查就发现已经把字符集修整过来了

NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK