3. 自定义配置结构 (使用IConfigurationSectionHandler)
假设有以下的配置信息,其在MyInfo可以重复许多次,那么应如何读取配置呢?这时就要使用自定义的配置程序了。
<myConfigs>
<myInfo Area="Fuzhou" Device="Printer" Customer="Muf" />
<myInfo Area="Shanghai" Device="Mobile" Customer="Liny" />
</myConfig>
访问代码如下:
Hashtable cfgTable = (Hashtable)ConfigurationSettings.GetConfig( "myConfigs" );
Debug.Assert( cfgTable.Count == 2);
Hashtable cfgFuzhou = (Hashtable)cfgTable["Fuzhou"];
Hashtable cfgShanghai = (Hashtable)cfgTable["Shanghai"];
Debug.Assert( cfgFuzhou["Device"] == "Printer" );
Debug.Assert( cfgShanghai["Device"] == "Mobile" );
Debug.Assert( cfgFuzhou["Customer"] == "Muf" );
Debug.Assert( cfgShanghai["Customer"] == "Liny" );
foreach(Hashtable cfg in cfgTable.Values)
{
Console.WriteLine("Area={0} Device={1} Customer={2}", cfg["Area"], cfg["Device"], cfg["Customer"]);
}
为了能使用上面的访问代码来访问配置结构,我们需要生成一个特定的配置读取类(ConfigurationSectionHandler),例子很简单,就不多做说明了:
public class MyInfoSectionHandler: IConfigurationSectionHandler
{
public object Create(object parent, object configContext, System.Xml.XmlNode section)
{
Hashtable config = new Hashtable();
foreach(XmlNode node in section.ChildNodes)
{
if(node.Name != "myInfo")
throw new System.Configuration.ConfigurationException("不可识别的配置项", node);
Hashtable item = new Hashtable();
foreach(XmlAttribute attr in node.Attributes)
{
switch(attr.Name)
{
case "Area":
case "Device":
case "Customer":
item.Add(attr.Name, attr.Value);
break;
default:
throw new System.Configuration.ConfigurationException("不可识别的配置属性", attr);
}
}
config.Add(item["Area"], item);
}
return config;
}
}
然后,我们再定义配置说明。其中,myNamespace.MyInfoSectionHandler 是MyInfoSectionHandler类的带名字空间的完整名称;myApp 则是定义MyInfoSectionHandler类的程序集不带扩展名的名字(如myApp.dll或myApp.exe):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<!-- 以下是自定义配置的声明 -->
<configSections>
<section name="myConfig" type="myNamespace.MyInfoSectionHandler, myApp" />
</configSections>
<myConfigs>
<myInfo Area="Fuzhou" Device="Printer" Customer="Muf" />
<myInfo Area="Shanghai" Device="Mobile" Customer="Liny" />
</myConfig>
</configuration>
根据上面的例子,我们可以使用IConfigurationSectionHandler来实现任意的配置文件结构。
(待续)