日期:2014-05-16  浏览次数:20763 次

【转】linux下常用的故障排查命令行
1.查看TCP连接状态
netstat -nat |awk '{print $6}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++S[$NF]};END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}'
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++state[$NF]}; END {for(key in state) print key,"\t",state[key]}'
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++arr[$NF]};END {for(k in arr) print k,"\t",arr[k]}'
netstat -n |awk '/^tcp/ {print $NF}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn
netstat -ant | awk '{print $NF}' | grep -v '[a-z]' | sort | uniq -c
netstat -ant|awk '/ip:80/{split($5,ip,":");++S[ip[1]]}END{for (a in S) print S[a],a}' |sort -n
netstat -ant|awk '/:80/{split($5,ip,":");++S[ip[1]]}END{for (a in S) print S[a],a}' |sort -rn|head -n 10
awk 'BEGIN{printf ("http_code\tcount_num\n")}{COUNT[$10]++}END{for (a in COUNT) printf a"\t\t"COUNT[a]"\n"}'

2.查找请求数请20个IP(常用于查找攻来源):
netstat -anlp|grep 80|grep tcp|awk '{print $5}'|awk -F: '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -n20
netstat -ant |awk '/:80/{split($5,ip,":");++A[ip[1]]}END{for(i in A) print A[i],i}' |sort -rn|head -n20

3.用tcpdump嗅探80端口的访问看看谁最高
tcpdump -i eth0 -tnn dst port 80 -c 1000 | awk -F"." '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."$4}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr |head -20

4.查找较多time_wait连接
netstat -n|grep TIME_WAIT|awk '{print $5}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn|head -n20

5.找查较多的SYN连接
netstat -an | grep SYN | awk '{print $5}' | awk -F: '{print $1}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | more

6.根据端口列进程
netstat -ntlp | grep 80 | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d/ -f1

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网站日志分析(Apache):

1.获得访问前10位的ip地址
cat access.log|awk '{print $1}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -10
cat access.log|awk '{counts[$(11)]+=1}; END {for(url in counts) print counts[url], url}'

2.访问次数最多的文件或页面,取前20及统计所有访问IP
cat access.log|awk '{print $11}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -20
awk '{ print $1}' access.log |sort -n -r |uniq -c|wc -l

3.列出传输最大的几个exe文件(分析下载站的时候常用)
cat access.log |awk '($7~/\.exe/){print $10 " " $1 " " $4 " " $7}'|sort -nr|head -20

4.列出输出大于200000byte(约200kb)的exe文件以及对应文件发生次数
cat access.log |awk '($10 > 200000 && $7~/\.exe/){print $7}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -100

5.如果日志最后一列记录的是页面文件传输时间,则有列出到客户端最耗时的页面
cat access.log |awk '($7~/\.php/){print $NF " " $1 " " $4 " " $7}'|sort -nr|head -100

6.列出最最耗时的页面(超过60秒的)的以及对应页面发生次数
cat access.log |awk '($NF > 60 && $7~/\.php/){print $7}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -100

7.列出传输时间超过 30 秒的文件
cat access.log |awk '($NF > 30){print $7}'|sort -n|uniq -c|sort -nr|head -20

8.统计网站流量(G)
cat access.log |awk '{sum+=$10} END {print sum/1024/1024/1024}'

9.统计404的连接
awk '($9 ~/404/)' access.log | awk '{print $9,$7}' | sort

10. 统计http status.
cat access.log |awk '{counts[$(9)]+=1}; END {for(code in counts) print code, counts}'
cat access.log |awk '{print $9}'|sort|uniq -c|sort -rn

11.每秒并发:
awk '{if($9~/200|30|404/)COUNT[$4]++}END{for( a in COUNT) print a,COUNT[a]}'|sort -k 2 -nr|head -n10

12.带宽统计
cat apache.log |awk '{if($7~/GET/) count++}END{print "client_request="count}'
cat apache.log |awk '{BYTE+=$11}END{print "client_kbyte_out="BYTE/1024"KB"}'

13.统计对象数量及对象平均大小
cat access.log |awk '{byte+=$10}END{ print byte/NR/1024,NR}'
cat access.log |awk '{if($9~/200|30/)COUNT[$NF]++}END{for( a in COUNT) print a,COUNT
[a],NR,COUNT[a]/NR*100"%"}

14.取5分钟日志
if [ $DATE_MINUTE != $DATE_END_MINUTE ] ;then #则判断开始时间戳与结束时间戳是否相等START_LINE=`sed -n "/$DATE_MINUTE/=" $APACHE_LOG|head -n1` #如果不相等,则取出开始时间戳的行号,与结束时间戳的行号
#END_LINE=`sed -n "/$DATE_END_MINUTE/=" $APACHE_LOG|tail -n1`
END_LINE=`sed -n "/$DATE_END_MINUTE/=" $APACHE_LOG|head -n1`sed -n "${START_LINE},${END_LINE}p" $APACHE_LOG > $M