create table teacher
 (id int, name varchar(10), sex varchar(4))
 
 insert into teacher
 select 1, '王老师', '男' union all
 select 2, '李老师', '男' union all
 select 3, '余老师', '女' union all
 select 4, '张老师', '女'
 
 create table student
 (id int, name varchar(10), teacherId int)
 
 insert into student
 select 1, '张三', 1 union all
 select 2, '李四', 1 union all
 select 3, '王五', 2 union all
 select 4, '宋六', 1 union all
 select 5, '郑七', 3
 
 CREATE TABLE graduatedStudent(id INT, TIME DATE ,isGraduated VARCHAR(10))
 INSERT INTO graduatedStudent
 SELECT 1, '2010', 'true'
 UNION ALL 
 SELECT 3, '2000' ,'true'
 UNION ALL 
 SELECT 4, '2003' ,'true'
 
 select a.*
 from teacher a inner join (select teacherid,count(1) [数量] from  student a INNER JOIN graduatedStudent b ON 
 a.id=b.id WHERE isGraduated='true'
  group by teacherid) b on a.id=b.teacherId
 order by b.[数量]
 /*
 id          name       sex
 ----------- ---------- ----
 2           李老师        男
 1           王老师        男
 
 (2 行受影响)
 
 */

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code
create table teacher
 (id int, name varchar(10), sex varchar(4))
 
 insert into teacher
 select 1, '王老师', '男' union all
 select 2, '李老师', '男' union all
 select 3, '余老师', '女' union all
 select 4, '张老师', '女'
 
 create table student
 (id int, name varchar(10), teacherId int)
 
 insert into student
 select 1, '张三', 1 union all
 select 2, '李四', 1 union all
 select 3, '王五', 2 union all
 select 4, '宋六', 1 union all
 select 5, '郑七', 3
 
 CREATE TABLE graduatedStudent(id INT, TIME DATETIME ,isGraduated VARCHAR(10))
 INSERT INTO graduatedStudent
 SELECT 1, '2010', 'true'
 UNION ALL 
 SELECT 3, '2000' ,'true'
 UNION ALL 
 SELECT 4, '2003' ,'true'


select t.*,isnull(rn,0) as rn
from
teacher t left join
(
SELECT teacherId,count(teacherId) as rn
from student s left join graduatedStudent g on s.id=g.id
and isGraduated='true'
group by teacherId
) r on t.id=r.teacherId

order by isnull(rn,0)

/*id          name       sex  rn          
----------- ---------- ---- ----------- 
4           张老师        女    0
2           李老师        男    1
3           余老师        女    1
1           王老师        男    3