建议你提供详细的资料：
例如表的结构，表之间的关系，测试数据，相关算法及需要的结果。
这样有助于我们理解你的意思，更主要的是能尽快让你获得答案或解决问题的方法。

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

将你的查询条件字段上建索引（最好能建个包含索引）
比如
create index idx_name on table_name include (NAME,MAXENGLISH,MAXMATH,MAXCHINESE)

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code
select NAME,MAX(ENGLISH) as MAXENGLISH 
,MAX(MATH)as MAXMATH
,MAX(CHINESE) as MAXCHINESE
FROM T_STUDENT S Inner join T_SCORE SC on T.ID=SC.STUDENTID
GROUP BY NAME

------解决方案--------------------
select NAME,max(ENGLISH) as MAXENGLISH,max(MATH ) as MAXMATH ,
max(HINESE) as MAXCHINESE from T_STUDENT left join T_SCORE
on T_STUDENT.id=T_SCORE.STUDENTID

------解决方案--------------------
索引会加快速度

------解决方案--------------------
select NAME,max(ENGLISH) as MAXENGLISH,max(MATH ) as MAXMATH ,
max(HINESE) as MAXCHINESE from T_STUDENT left join T_SCORE
on T_STUDENT.id=T_SCORE.STUDENTID  
where date ......
group by NAME

------解决方案--------------------
用连接吧，不要用子查询

select A.NAME,B.MAXENGLISH,B.MAXMATH,B.MAXCHINESE
from  T_STUDENT A  
inner join
(
select STUDENTID,max(ENGLISH) as MAXENGLISH,max(MATH) as MATH,max(CHINESE) as CHINESE
from T_SCORE  
group by STUDENTID
) B on B.STUDENTID = A.Id

------解决方案--------------------
探讨

引用:

select NAME,max(ENGLISH) as MAXENGLISH,max(MATH ) as MAXMATH ,
max(HINESE) as MAXCHINESE from T_STUDENT left join T_SCORE
on T_STUDENT.id=T_SCORE.STUDENTID


如果要给每个字段加上条件，……


------解决方案--------------------
SQL code
select m.* , n.*
from T_STUDENT m ,T_SCORE n
where m.STUDENTID = n.STUDENTID
and n.score = (select max(score) from T_SCORE where 科目 = n.科目 and STUDENTID =nSTUDENTID )

------解决方案--------------------
至于连接还是子查询好是根据你自己的实际情况来定夺的，要看执行计划，不是凭空想象的。