日期:2014-05-16 浏览次数:20543 次
先话唠一下,oracle索引,有两类运用较广:
1)b-tree:OLTP(面向交易)
2)bitmap:OLAP(面向分析)
步入正题,先搭建测试环境:
SQL> create table tt as select * from dba_objects; 表已创建。 SQL> select count(*) from tt; COUNT(*) ---------- 50441 SQL> insert into tt select * from tt; 已创建50441行。 SQL> / 已创建100882行。 SQL> / 已创建201764行。 SQL> / 已创建403528行。 SQL> / 已创建807056行。 SQL> create index tt_index on tt(object_id) tablespace users; 索引已创建。
把索引tt_index的结构给dump出来:
SQL> select object_id from dba_objects where object_name='TT_INDEX'; OBJECT_ID ---------- 53042 SQL> alter session set events 'immediate trace name treedump level 53042'; 会话已更改。 SQL> show parameter user_dump_dest NAME TYPE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- VALUE ------------------------------ user_dump_dest string G:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ADMIN \ORCL\UDUMP SQL> select distinct sid from v$mystat; SID ---------- 147 SQL> select paddr from v$session where sid=147; PADDR -------- CA280DDC SQL> select spid from v$process where addr='CA280DDC'; SPID ------------------------ 5360
到udump,把进程号为5360的文件打开,部分内容如下:
*** 2012-08-07 01:21:34.944 *** ACTION NAME:() 2012-08-07 01:21:34.902 *** MODULE NAME:(SQL*Plus) 2012-08-07 01:21:34.902 *** SERVICE NAME:(SYS$USERS) 2012-08-07 01:21:34.902 *** SESSION ID:(147.92) 2012-08-07 01:21:34.902 ----- begin tree dump branch: 0x10001bc 16777660 (0: nrow: 7, level: 2) branch: 0x100595f 16800095 (-1: nrow: 578, level: 1) leaf: 0x10001bd 16777661 (-1: nrow: 513 rrow: 513) leaf: 0x10001be 16777662 (0: nrow: 513 rrow: 513) leaf: 0x10001bf 16777663 (1: nrow: 513 rrow: 513) leaf: 0x10001c0 16777664 (2: nrow: 513 rrow: 513) leaf: 0x10001c1 16777665 (3: nrow: 513 rrow: 513) leaf: 0x10001c2 16777666 (4: nrow: 513 rrow: 513) leaf: 0x10001c3 16777667 (5: nrow: 484 rrow: 484) leaf: 0x10001c4 16777668 (6: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001c5 16777669 (7: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001c6 16777670 (8: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001c7 16777671 (9: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001c8 16777672 (10: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001ca 16777674 (11: nrow: 481 rrow: 481) leaf: 0x10001cb 16777675 (12: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001cc 16777676 (13: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001cd 16777677 (14: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001ce 16777678 (15: nrow: 478 rrow: 478) leaf: 0x10001cf 16777679 (16: nrow: 478 rrow: 478)
由此可证明:b-tree中的b是balance,是棵平衡树。否则,一个branch下面只有两个leaf,才是二叉树。
上面:0x10001bd (16进制)和16777661(10进制)这两个,其实,是一样的。
SQL> select to_number('10001bd','xxxxxxx') from dual; TO_NUMBER('10001BD','XXXXXXX') ------------------------------ 16777661
而且,16777661包含两部分:文件号、数据块号。意指:这个地址是哪个数据文件上的第几个块
SQL> select dbms_utility.data_block_address_file( 16777661) from dual DBMS_UTILITY.DATA_BLOCK_ADDRESS_FILE(16777661) ---------------------------------------------- 4 SQL> select dbms_utility.data_block_address_block( 16777661) from dua DBMS_UTILITY.DATA_BLOCK_ADDRESS_BLOCK(16777661) -----------------------------------------------