日期:2014-05-16  浏览次数:20819 次

linux下apache、tomcat的安装及优化

本文主要内容:

(1)安装apr,这是 Apache 为了提升 Tomcat 的性能搞的一套本地化 Socket, Thread, IO 组件也就是说它有高级 IO 功能, 操作系统级别的功能调用, 以及本地进程处理等等。

(2)安装Tomcat Native,这个项目可以让 Tomcat 使用 Apache 的 apr 包来处理包括文件和网络IO操作,以提升性能。

(3)安装tomcat为系统服务

(4)优化tomcat的jvm内存池

(5)修改tomcat的并发连接数



一、安装apr

(1)安装apr

# tar zxvf apr-1.4.2.tar.gz

# cd apr-1.4.2

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/www/apr

# make

# make install



(2)安装apr-iconv

# tar -zxvf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.gz

# cd apr-iconv-1.2.1

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/www/apr-iconv --with-apr=/usr/local/www/apr

# make

# make install



(3)安装apr-util



# tar zxvf apr-util-1.3.9.tar.gz

# cd apr-util-1.3.9

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/www/apr-util??--with-apr=/usr/local/www/apr --with-apr-iconv=/usr/local/www/apr-iconv/bin/apriconv

# make

# make install



二、安装tomcat和tomcat-native



(1)JDK安装

# chmod a+x jdk-6u18-linux-i586-rpm.bin

# ./jdk-6u7-linux-i586-rpm.bin

# ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_18 /usr/local/java



设置环境变量

# vi /etc/profile

末尾增加如下内容

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

CLASSPATH=/usr/local/java/lib/dt.jar:/usr/local/java/lib/tools.jar

PATH=/usr/local/java/bin/PATH

export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH

# source /etc/profile

# java ?version??

查看java版本,如果是1.6的,就是说明安装成功了。



(2)安装Tomcat



# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.26.tar.gz

# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.26 /usr/local/www/tomcat

# vi /usr/local/www/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh

加入一行:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

# /usr/local/www/tomcat/bin/startup.sh



(3)安装tomcat-native

# cp tomcat-native-1.1.20-src.tar.gz /usr/local/www/tomcat/bin/

# cd /usr/local/www/tomcat/bin? ?

# tar zxvf tomcat-native-1.1.20-src.tar.gz

# cd tomcat-native-1.1.20-src/jni/native? ?

# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/www/apr --with-java-home=/usr/local/java

# make??

# make install??



(4)设置 apr 的环境变量:

# vi /etc/profile? ?

后面添加以下内容? ?

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/apr/lib? ?

# source /etc/profile??

启动 tomcat 后, 看日志:

# more /usr/local/www/tomcat/logs/catalina.out

Dec 5, 2009 3:25:39 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init

INFO: Loaded APR based Apache Tomcat Native library 1.1.20.



三、tomcat添加到系统服务

# cd /usr/local/www/tomcat/bin/

# tar -zxvf jsvc.tar.gz

# cd jsvc-src

# chmod a+x configure

# ./configure --with-java=/usr/local/java

# make

# cp /usr/local/www/tomcat/bin/jsvc-src/native/Tomcat5.sh /etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat

# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat



在#!bin/sh下添加

#chkconfig: 2345 85 15

#description: apache-tomcat.6

相应的内容修改为如下内容:

JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java

CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/www/tomcat

DAEMON_HOME=/usr/local/www/tomcat/bin

TOMCAT_USER=tomcat

CATALINA_BASE=/usr/local/www/tomcat

CATALINA_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=/usr/local/apr/lib"

$DAEMON_HOME/jsvc-src/jsvc? ?#有两处



添加执行用户tomcat

# groupadd tomcat

# useradd -g tomcat -s /sbin/nologin -M tomcat

加入系统服务,开机自启动

# chown -R tomcat.tomcat /usr/local/www/tomcat

# chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat

# chkconfig --add tomcat

# chkconfig tomcat on



四、修改Java虚拟机的虚拟内存



(1)添加tomcat管理员

# vi /usr/local/www/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xml

在<tomcat-users>??</tomcat-users>中间添加

<role rolename="manager"/>

<user username="tomcat" password="lin31415926"