--> 测试数据：[test]
if object_id('[test]') is not null drop table [test]
create table [test]([type] varchar(2),[sfhg] varchar(2),[qs] int)
insert [test]
select 't1','是',1 union all
select 't1','否',1 union all
select 't1','是',1 union all
select 't2','否',2 union all
select 't2','是',2 union all
select 't3','否',3 union all
select 't3','是',3 union all
select 't3','否',3 union all
select 't1','是',4 union all
select 't1','否',4

select [type],COUNT(1) as 总人数,
COUNT(distinct [qs]) as 期数,
SUM(case when [sfhg]='是' then 1 else 0 end)as 合格人数
 from test group by [type]
/*
 type    总人数    期数    合格人数
t1    5    2    3
t2    2    1    1
t3    3    1    1
 */