select A.* 
from test A,test B
where B.id=4 and A.timedate<=B.timedate
order by A.timedate desc,A.id desc 
limit 1,1

------解决方案--------------------
你要物理顺序，插入有自增字段的临时表 OR 用变量解决

------解决方案--------------------

SQL code
set @iid := 0;

drop table if exists tmp_t;

-- 如果使用临时表则不能自连接，可以创建两个临时表来处理，或是如此示例使用物理表，最后删除“临时”用的“物理”表
create table tmp_t
select @iid:=@iid+1 as iid, xxx.*
from Test
order by timedate desc, id desc;

select t2.id, t2.timedate
from tmp_t as t1 
left join tmp_t as t2 on t1.iid = t2.iid - 1
where t1.id = [指定的ID];

-- 执行 drop table if exists tmp_t;

------解决方案--------------------
SQL code

mysql> select * from test;
+------+---------------------+
| id   | timedate            |
+------+---------------------+
|    1 | 2011-07-11 00:00:00 |
|    2 | 2011-06-11 00:00:00 |
|    3 | 2011-06-11 00:00:00 |
|    4 | 2011-06-11 00:00:00 |
|    5 | 2011-09-11 00:00:00 |
|    6 | 2011-05-11 00:00:00 |
+------+---------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test
    -> where timedate<(select timedate from Test where id=4)
    -> or (timedate=(select timedate from Test where id=4) and id <4)
    -> order by timedate desc,id desc
    -> limit 1;
+------+---------------------+
| id   | timedate            |
+------+---------------------+
|    3 | 2011-06-11 00:00:00 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test
    -> where timedate<(select timedate from Test where id=3)
    -> or (timedate=(select timedate from Test where id=3) and id <3)
    -> order by timedate desc,id desc
    -> limit 1;
+------+---------------------+
| id   | timedate            |
+------+---------------------+
|    2 | 2011-06-11 00:00:00 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test
    -> where timedate<(select timedate from Test where id=2)
    -> or (timedate=(select timedate from Test where id=2) and id <2)
    -> order by timedate desc,id desc
    -> limit 1;
+------+---------------------+
| id   | timedate            |
+------+---------------------+
|    6 | 2011-05-11 00:00:00 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>